Steven Pinker, 斯蒂芬·平克, 安雯 (Translator)4.1629,296 ratings2,462 reviewsWant to ReadKindle $9.99Rate this book今天的人们认为世界到处充满暴力与危险。只要看新闻，就无法不注意到那些越来越可怕的虐待、谋杀、骚乱和战争。但我们生活的这个时代真的是特别暴力的吗？在漫长的历史中，人类的处境到底是变好了，还是恶化了？斯蒂芬·平克在这本令人震撼的著作里告诉我们：暴力其实在减少，我们正生活在历史上特别和平的时代。他以暴力水平为标尺，用“六大趋势”重新归纳了人类的文明进程，并展示了大量数据资料和上百幅图表，量化了暴力减少的趋势：部落间战事的死亡率比20世纪的战争和大屠杀要高出9倍；中世纪欧洲的凶杀率比今天要高出30倍；奴隶制、残酷刑罚和滥用死刑曾经是人们生活中的常态，但如今被废除了；家暴、强奸、虐待儿童和动物，都发生了实质性的减少……那这一切又是怎样发生的？是因为人性改变了吗？平克认为，解释暴力减少的关键在于理解将我们推向暴力的“五种心魔”和将我们带离暴力的“四位善良天使”，以及这些内生的心理机制如何影响人的行为。人性并没有改变，但诸多有利的外生力量（如政府组织、识字率、商业和都市的文明进程等）出现，让天使压制了心魔，使我们越来越有能力控制冲动，对他人怀有同情，宁愿做交易而不是抢劫，揭露那些毒害人心的意识形态，发挥理性的力量，克制暴力的诱惑，导致暴力的减少。平克以他的独特视角和充分证据，启发我们进一步反思我们对人性、进步和现代化的固有观念。本书的结论必然会引起争论，但这只是一个开端，它将引导我们用更科学的视角、更开放的心态来思考人类社会的未来命运。GenresNonfictionHistoryPsychologySciencePhilosophySociologyPolitics ...more980 pages, Paperback
First published October 4, 2010
Book details & editions6961 people are currently reading94325 people want to readAbout the authorSteven Pinker70 books10.4k followersFollowFollowSteven Arthur Pinker is a prominent Canadian-American experimental psychologist, cognitive scientist, and author of popular science. Pinker is known for his wide-ranging explorations of human nature and its relevance to language, history, morality, politics, and everyday life. He conducts research on language and cognition, writes for publications such as the New York Times, Time, and The New Republic, and is the author of numerous books, including The Language Instinct, How the Mind Works, Words and Rules, The Blank Slate, The Stuff of Thought, The Better Angels of Our Nature, The Sense of Style, and most recently, Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress.He was born in Canada and graduated from Montreal's Dawson College in 1973. He received a bachelor's degree in experimental psychology from McGill University in 1976, and then went on to earn his doctorate in the same discipline at Harvard in 1979. He did research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for a year, then became an assistant professor at Harvard and then Stanford University. From 1982 until 2003, Pinker taught at the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT, and eventually became the director of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience. (Except for a one-year sabbatical at the University of California, Santa Barbara in 1995-6.) As of 2008, he is the Johnstone Family Professor of Psychology at Harvard.Pinker was named one of Time Magazine's 100 most influential people in the world in 2004 and one of Prospect and Foreign Policy's 100 top public intellectuals in 2005. He has also received honorary doctorates from the universities of Newcastle, Surrey, Tel Aviv, McGill, and the University of Tromsø, Norway. He was twice a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, in 1998 and in 2003. In January 2005, Pinker defended Lawrence Summers, President of Harvard University, whose comments about the gender gap in mathematics and science angered much of the faculty. On May 13th 2006, Pinker received the American Humanist Association's Humanist of the Year award for his contributions to public understanding of human evolution.In 2007, he was invited on The Colbert Report and asked under pressure to sum up how the brain works in five words – Pinker answered "Brain cells fire in patterns."Pinker was born into the English-speaking Jewish community of Montreal. He has said, "I was never religious in the theological sense... I never outgrew my conversion to atheism at 13, but at various times was a serious cultural Jew." As a teenager, he says he considered himself an anarchist until he witnessed civil unrest following a police strike in 1969. His father, a trained lawyer, first worked as a traveling salesman, while his mother was first a home-maker then a guidance counselor and high-school vice-principal. He has two younger siblings. His brother is a policy analyst for the Canadian government. His sister, Susan Pinker, is a columnist for the Wall Street Journal and the author of The Sexual Paradox and The Village Effect. Pinker married Nancy Etcoff in 1980 and they divorced 1992; he married Ilavenil Subbiah in 1995 and they too divorced. He is married to the novelist and philosopher Rebecca Goldstein, the author of 10 books and winner of the National Medal of the Humanities. He has no children.His next book will take off from his research on "common knowledge" (knowing that everyone knows something). Its tentative title is: Don't Go There: Common Knowledge and the Science of Civility, Hypocrisy, Outrage, and Taboo.